Should you get Prenatal Genetic Testing done? Here's what you need to know

Most couples these days are becoming parents at a later age, due to factors like career ambitions, financial security, emotional readiness, and so on. With most couples opting for a single child only, in such a case, Prenatal genetic testing can be a crucial tool for expectant parents, offering insights into the health of their unborn child. This testing helps identify potential genetic disorders and birth defects early in pregnancy, allowing parents and healthcare providers to make informed decisions about care and interventions.


Why is it important?
Prenatal genetic testing can accurately detect a wide range of genetic conditions, including chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome, single-gene disorders, and structural defects. Early detection is vital for parents to make an informed decision and re-think their plans if needed.

Helps in mitigating risks
Prenatal genetic testing helps identify individuals at a higher risk of having a child with a genetic condition. Carrier screening, for example, can identify individuals who carry genes for certain genetic disorders, enabling parents to make informed choices about family planning. This early identification can lead to interventions that potentially reduce the risk of severe complications.


Preparing for the pregnancy ahead
Early identification of potential issues also allows healthcare providers to tailor prenatal care to meet the specific needs of the pregnancy and baby. This may include specialized monitoring, nutritional support, or counseling to address potential complications.

What are the types of prenatal testing?
Prenatal genetic testing includes both non-invasive and invasive methods:

Non-Invasive Methods: These include ultrasound and blood tests like non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). NIPT assesses small amounts of fetal DNA in the mother's blood to evaluate the risk of chromosomal abnormalities.

Invasive Methods: Procedures such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) involve collecting samples from the uterus for detailed genetic analysis. Amniocentesis is typically performed between 16 and 20 weeks of pregnancy, while CVS is done around 11 to 13 weeks.

The choice of test depends on the individual's risk factors and the specific conditions being screened for.

Who should get prenatal testing done?
Ideally, prenatal testing is open to all pregnant women, regardless of age and risk factors. However, those over 35 or with a family history of any chronic illness, should definitely get it done, especially if you have faced pregnancy loss in the past, and have not been pregnant in the last two years or so.